Pap Test: What It Shows, When It Is Done and What the Results Mean
The Pap test (Papanicolaou test) is a simple and painless analysis that detects changes in the cells of the cervix before they cause any symptoms. This is exactly why the test has for decades been the most important tool in the prevention of cervical cancer: with regular testing, changes are detected at a stage when they can be treated successfully. In this article we explain what the Pap test shows, when and how it is performed, what the results mean by group, and how much it costs in Belgrade.
What does the Pap test show?
During the test, a smear is taken from the cervix and the cells from that smear are then examined under a microscope. The analysis shows whether the cells are normal, whether inflammatory changes are present, or whether there are atypical (altered) cells that call for further diagnostic work-up. It is important to know that the Pap test does not diagnose cancer; it detects suspicious changes early enough for action to be taken. Most abnormal findings never progress to serious disease, but they do require follow-up with a gynaecologist.
When and how often is it performed?
For most women the recommendation is to have a Pap test once a year, together with a routine gynaecological examination, starting from the onset of sexual activity. The interval may differ depending on previous findings and your gynaecologist's assessment. The best time for the test is mid cycle, that is, outside of menstrual bleeding. For two days before the test you should avoid intercourse, vaginal pessaries and douching, as these can affect the quality of the sample.
What does the procedure involve?
The Pap test is performed as part of a standard gynaecological examination and takes only a few seconds. Using a soft brush or spatula, the gynaecologist gently collects a smear from the cervix. For most women the procedure is painless, with at most brief discomfort. Results are ready within a few days.
What the results mean: Pap groups
In Serbia, Pap test findings are most often reported using groups I to V:
- Group I: a completely normal finding, with no altered cells.
- Group II: the most common finding; mild changes, usually inflammatory or reactive, which are not dangerous. If needed, the inflammation is treated and the test repeated.
- Group III: atypical cells are present; further diagnostic work-up is required, most often colposcopy, HPV typing or a repeat test.
- Groups IV and V: more serious changes that require prompt further diagnostic work-up and treatment by a gynaecologist.
Every finding is always interpreted by a gynaecologist in the context of your history, your age and your other results. An abnormal finding is not a diagnosis; it is a signal that further investigation is needed.
ThinPrep Pap test: a more precise method
ThinPrep is a liquid-based cytology test, a more modern variant of the Pap test in which the sample is preserved in a liquid medium. This yields a cleaner preparation, fewer inadequate samples and a more reliable analysis, and HPV typing can be performed from the same sample if required.
Pap or HPV test?
The Pap test shows the consequence (altered cells), while the HPV PCR test shows the cause (the presence of human papillomavirus, which is responsible for the large majority of cervical changes). The two tests complement each other: combining Pap and HPV gives the most complete picture of risk and the soundest basis for further decisions.
Price of the Pap test in Belgrade
| Service | Price |
|---|---|
| Pap test | 2.000 RSD |
| ThinPrep Pap test | 3.500 RSD |
| HPV PCR typing | 10.000 RSD |
| Colposcopy | 6.000 to 8.000 RSD |
| Gynaecological examination | 6.000 to 12.000 RSD |
The Pap test at Miren Medic Polyclinic
At our gynaecology practice, the Pap test is performed by experienced gynaecologists: Prof. Dr Snežana Rakić and Prim. Dr Radojka Cerović Popović. The test is carried out immediately as part of your examination, with no waiting and no referral letter, and it can be combined with colposcopy, HPV typing and ultrasound if needed. The polyclinic is located in the Voždovac district, at Vojvode Stepe 250.
Frequently asked questions
How often should a Pap test be done?
For most women, once a year is recommended, together with a routine gynaecological examination. If findings are abnormal, or after treatment, your gynaecologist may recommend more frequent checks.
Does the Pap test hurt?
No. Taking the smear lasts a few seconds and is painless for most women, with at most mild, brief discomfort.
When in the cycle is the Pap test done?
Ideally mid cycle, outside of menstrual bleeding. For two days before the test, avoid intercourse, vaginal pessaries and douching.
What does Pap group III mean?
It means that atypical cells were found in the smear and that further diagnostic work-up is needed: colposcopy, HPV typing or a repeat test. This is not a cancer diagnosis; it is a signal for further investigation.
What is the difference between the Pap and the HPV test?
The Pap test detects altered cells on the cervix, while the HPV test detects the presence of the virus that most often causes those changes. The tests complement each other and are frequently done together.
Book a Pap test
A regular Pap test is the simplest way to look after your health. Book an appointment by phone on +381 11 6359 130 or online.
